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1 : xella 1.1 %
2 :     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
3 :     % SiTrack description
4 :     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
5 :     %
6 :     \subsection{SiTrack}
7 :     The SiTrack LVL2 algorithm adopts a combinatorial pattern recognition
8 : fparodi 1.2 approach to reconstruct tracks starting from space points formed in the ID
9 : xella 1.1 silicon detectors.
10 :    
11 : fparodi 1.2 \par In order to perform space point combinations, these are first of all grouped into sets from which
12 : xella 1.1 the entries of each combination will be then extracted; the grouping is implemented in SiTrack,
13 :     using the idea of ``logical layers''. These correspond to a list of physical detector layers,
14 :     i.e. barrel layers and end-cap disks, and are labeled with increasing numbers moving away from
15 :     the beam line. The same physical layer can be included in more logical layers, to increase the
16 :     robustness of the track finding process. To provide a tangible example, the first logical layer
17 :     adopted for the reconstruction of high $p_T$ isolated leptons includes the innermost two pixel
18 :     barrel layers and the innermost pixel end-cap disk.
19 :    
20 : fparodi 1.2 \par Once the space point have been associated to the logical layers they belong to, the track reconstruction
21 : xella 1.1 algorithm proceeds through the following five steps:
22 :     \begin{itemize}
23 :     \item track seeds formation;
24 :     \item optional primary vertex reconstruction along the beam line;
25 :     \item track seeds extension;
26 :     \item extended seeds merging;
27 :     \item clone removal.
28 :     \end{itemize}
29 : fparodi 1.2 The formation of track seeds corresponds to a combinatorial pairing of space point coming from the
30 : xella 1.1 innermost two logical layers. For each seed, the extrapolation to the beam line is evaluated,
31 :     using a straight line approximation; this process is depicted in Fig. \ref{fig_sitrack_rphi}.
32 :     \begin{figure}[htb]
33 :     \begin{center}
34 :     \ifpdf
35 :     \includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{figures/lvl2_sitrack_rphi12.pdf}
36 :     \includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{figures/lvl2_sitrack_rphi23.pdf}
37 :     \else
38 :     \includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{figures/lvl2_sitrack_rphi12.eps}
39 :     \includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{figures/lvl2_sitrack_rphi23.eps}
40 :     \fi
41 :     \end{center}
42 :     \caption{\label{fig_sitrack_rphi} Pictorial scheme of the SiTrack combinatorial strategy for
43 :     track seeds formation (left) and track seeds extension (right).}
44 :     \end{figure}
45 :     At this point a cut on the transverse impact parameter is applied. This cut, meant to reduce
46 :     the number of seeds to be further processed, is particularly important, as it fixes the lowest
47 :     reconstructible track $p_T$ value.
48 :    
49 :     \par The subsequent step is the reconstruction of the position of the primary interaction vertex
50 :     along the beam line, used to reject tracks not coming from the primary interaction. The vertex
51 :     reconstruction is performed filling a histogram with the longitudinal impact parameter of the
52 :     seeds and searching for histogram maxima; more vertex candidates can be retained and seeds not
53 :     pointing to any of the reconstructed vertexes are discarded. This step is optional and,
54 :     as an example, is used for jet tracks reconstruction, while it is skipped in case of low
55 :     multiplicity event topologies, e.g. for the reconstruction of single isolated leptons.
56 :     Each retained seed is extended, as depicted in Fig. \ref{fig_sitrack_rphi}, extrapolating it to
57 : fparodi 1.2 the outer logical layers and forming one or more space point triplets for each seed; extensions are
58 :     selected applying a cut on the distance between the outer space point and the extrapolated seed. Each
59 : xella 1.1 extended seed is then fitted by a straight line in the longitudinal plane and parametrized as a
60 :     circle in the transverse plane.
61 :    
62 :     \par At this point, all the extensions found for each seed must be merged into a single full track,
63 :     grouping the triplets having similar track parameters after the fit. The full track is thus
64 : fparodi 1.2 defined as formed by the union of the space point from all the merged extensions. All the triples not
65 : xella 1.1 involved in the merging process are discarded, while track parameters are re-evaluated for the
66 :     full track, fitting it with a straight line in the longitudinal plane and a circle in the
67 :     transverse one.
68 :    
69 : fparodi 1.2 \par Two full tracks obtained from different track seeds may still share most of their space point; these
70 : xella 1.1 tracks are defined as clones. To eliminate these ambiguous cases, only the clone track containing
71 : fparodi 1.2 the largest number of space point is retained; in case more clone tracks contain the same number of space
72 : xella 1.1 points, the one with the lowest $\chi^2$ value prevails. The retained full tracks are finally
73 :     refit using one of the available common fit tool.
74 :    

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